The gastric balloon is a round device that is inserted into the stomach and filled with saline solution. It is typically filled with 450-600ml of saline, but the exact volume may vary. When inflated, it occupies approximately 60% of the stomach space, resembling the size of a grapefruit. By reducing the available space for food, the gastric balloon helps to decrease portion sizes and promote a feeling of fullness.
There are two main types of gastric balloons: those that are swallowed in capsule form and those that are implanted through an endoscopic procedure under sedation. Regardless of the chosen balloon device, one of the primary advantages is that it is a non-surgical procedure. General anaesthesia is not required, and there are no wounds or surgical scars involved. The most established method of intragastric balloon implantation is through endoscopy, which has been performed for over 20 years. This method offers both a 6-month version and a longer-term 12-month version known as the Orbera365TM. The Orbera balloon has been safely used by over 300,000 individuals worldwide. The newest technology involves swallowable balloons, which are tightly wrapped in a capsule and can be ingested without sedation. This method offers a 4-month version and a longer-term 10-month version called Allurion Plus+, with sequential placement of multiple balloons.
For swallowable balloons, the procedure takes place in a radiology suite. The doctor, usually a gastroenterologist or surgeon, provides you with the capsule to swallow. It is guided to the stomach with the help of a thin tube, and its position is confirmed through an X-ray. The balloon is gradually filled with 550ml of saline, confirmed with another X-ray, and then the tube is removed. As sedation is not used, you can drive yourself home after a brief observation period. The entire process takes about 15-20 minutes, and the clinic visit lasts around 40 minutes.
For endoscopic balloons, the procedure takes place in an endoscopy suite. You will be sedated for comfort, and a gastroscope is used to examine the stomach’s condition before balloon insertion. The deflated balloon is placed into the stomach and filled with water. Once filled, the water tube is detached, creating a secure seal. The entire procedure takes 15-20 minutes, but you will remain in the hospital for 3-4 hours.